World Book Day special - The Time Tunnellers step into the shoes of a favourite character

Happy World Book Day everyone!

We’ve got some great news. We’re thrilled to be able to announce that we have a new member of the team!

Author Matt Wainwright

Matt Wainwright, a previous guest poster for the Time Tunnellers is joining us to help dig for the stories in history – and share his love of reading and writing historical fiction for young people.

Matt is the author of the fantastic adventure, Out of the Smoke (Wakeman Trust), which tells the story of young Billy the chimney sweep who, when he finds himself plunged into the criminal underworld of Victorian London, must battle to survive against notorious gang leader, Archie Miller and his friends. Help, when it arrives, comes from a very unexpected source in the shape of the famous educational reformer, Lord Shaftesbury –  the ‘Poor Man’s Earl’. But will Billy’s pride let him accept the offer? And if he turns on Archie, will it mean freedom or certain death?

What’s it like to be joining our merry band, Matt?

'It's an honour! From the first time I saw the Time Tunnellers assemble I was struck by how enthusiastic and knowledgeable you all are. It's a fantastic initiative, sharing your love for history and the stories it contains, and I feel privileged to be a part of it. I'm also excited to share some of the things I've learned - there is so much to discover in the past, and leading children (and adults!) down some of those paths, exploring the nooks and crannies, will be a real joy. Thank you for inviting me into the team!'

Our pleasure!  We’re really looking forward to having you on board too!

In this week’s blog we’re celebrating World Book Day – and Matt’s arrival on the team – by stepping into the shoes of a favourite character in a great historical fiction read for young people. 

Ally Sherrick: Boy in The Book of Boy by Catherine Gilbert Murdock
(Published by Chicken House Books)

I studied medieval history at university so it was brilliant to have the chance to travel back to those times again in the company of Murdock’s plucky underdog hero, ‘Boy’. When the story opens it is the year 1350 and Boy is looking after the goats that belonged to the lady of the manor before she was carried off by the plague. Boy is different from other people. He can talk with the animals and birds. But he is also taunted and called ‘Monster’ by his fellow villagers because of the hump on his back. So when a mysterious pilgrim stranger – Secundus – arrives in the village and offers Boy the chance to join him on a quest for seven priceless relics – ‘rib tooth thumb shin dust skull tomb’ – he decides to take the risk and join him.

I loved accompanying Boy as he experienced all the incredible sights, sounds and smells of the places he and his new master encountered on their long journey through France and across the sea to the tomb of St Peter in Rome.  And listening in on the conversations he has with the animals and birds he meets on the way. But it is the special secret he keeps hidden from others and which finally brings him the freedom and happiness he craves which enthralled me the most.

A great read for anyone who enjoys historical stories with a twist of magic realism.

Barbara Henderson: Moss in The Executioner's Daughter by Jane Hardstaff

(Published by Egmont)

I credit two books with sealing my love of historical fiction: Mary Hoffman's Troubadour and this, The Executioner's Daughter. 

The reign of Henry VIII is famous for its many executions - but what if your father is the one whose job it is to do the deed, again and again? Meet Moss. Growing up in the infamous Tower of London with only her taciturn dad for company, she longs to escape. The river flows past, carrying everything away with it - could Moss leave it all behind and find freedom? 

I loved the vivid descriptions of Tudor London, the dangers and secrets Moss has to navigate, and her reluctant friendship with streetwise Salter who survives by thieving. I was with Moss every step of the way, particularly when she realises that there are stranger, deeper powers at work beneath the surface of the Thames. 

My favourite chapter by a country mile was the one about the Frost Fair when the Thames froze over entirely - something that really happened! Moss encounters terrible danger, but so much beauty too. One of those books that stayed with me from the moment I read it almost a decade ago. 

Catherine Randall: ‘Cat’ in The Diamond of Drury Lane by Julia Golding (Egmont)

This thrilling adventure story set in and around the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, London is narrated by one of the most engaging fictional characters I’ve ever come across. Cat Royal is an orphan who has lived backstage in the theatre ever since she was rescued as a baby by the famous playwright and theatre owner, Mr Sheridan.

As soon as you open the book, you are in Cat’s shoes and completely immersed in the world of late 18th century London. Cat thinks that she is simply guarding a diamond for Mr Sheridan, hidden somewhere in the theatre, but then she becomes friends with the mysterious new Prompt and a talented young African violinist – the new sensation at Drury Lane. It soon becomes clear that much more is at stake than a mere jewel. You experience the sights, smells and characters of Covent Garden market, the backstage of the Theatre Royal and the drawing rooms of Grosvenor Square as if you were there, while Cat and her friends – a wonderful mixture of boys from street gangs and refined young aristocrats – battle to save the ‘diamond’ who is really hiding at the theatre, not to mention their own skins.

This novel is a heady combination of vivid, engaging characters with authentic historical and geographical detail.  

I think Cat is one of the great heroines of modern children’s literature. I couldn't put the book down.

Jeannie Waudby: Ellen in The Secrets Act by Alison Weatherby (Chicken House)

It would be scary but also interesting and exciting to time-travel back to the Second World War in Ellen’s shoes. She is one of two teenage main characters in The Secrets Act. The story begins with her journey to the codebreaking HQ, Bletchley Park, where she is going to become a codebreaker. I once met a 90-year-old lady on a train and she told me she had worked there during the war. When I asked her what she did, she looked at me and said: ‘It was secret.’

I felt the sheer strangeness of this situation through Ellen’s eyes, travelling from Wales on her own, arriving in the pitch dark of the blackout. Everything is strange and even asking questions feels forbidden and dangerous. This is a tense and exciting story – Ellen meets new people; so many of them young. But always there is the question: who can you trust? This story doesn’t glamourize Bletchley Park; in fact in many ways it feels like a hostile environment with threats and dangers lurking round every corner – including the danger of accidentally committing treason. But it’s also a story of true friendship. 

I recommend this book as a thought-provoking journey into a time of war.

Matt Wainwright: Stepping into the shoes of … Sig Andersson in Revolver by Marcus Sedgwick

Part of me wouldn’t actually enjoy stepping into Sig’s shoes. Throughout most of the book Revolver, Sig is threatened, bullied and held hostage in his family’s remote Alaskan cabin by the enigmatic and seemingly unstoppable Wolff - which would not make for a particularly pleasant experience!

However, Sedgwick wrote the book so well that you can’t help but feel that you’re right there in the scene with the characters. He conjures up the vast frozen wilderness of the far north of turn-of-the-century America in vivid, startling detail: the crack of ice, the buffeting of the wind, the crunch of freshly-fallen snow. You can see every clouded breath, smell the pungent odours of oil and gunpowder and fur, feel the creeping fingers of perpetual winter worming their way through every crevice … It’s a masterclass of description!

And in the end, of course (no spoilers!) Sig learns how to grow beyond his fear and find a way to stage a near-impossible escape. He’s the kind of character I love: one who starts the story as a person we recognise but wouldn’t necessarily want to be, but who gradually becomes someone we can admire. Which just goes to show that, no matter what era they are from, people throughout history are like us in many ways, with so much for us to learn.

Susan Brownrigg: My Friend the Octopus by Lindsay Galvin
(published by Chicken House)

There is something very calming about wandering around an aquarium - the low light, the gentle movement of the fish and it is the perfect place for 12-year-old Vinnie Fyfe to find solace when she is abruptly sent away by her milliner mother to live with her aunt.

Vinnie loves to draw, and she is soon enchanted by the beauty of the aquatic life around her and especially a fascinating new arrival - an octopus! She quickly realises she has a special connection with the cephalopod and that they can communicate using colour.

I was enchanted by the gorgeous descriptions of how the octopus moves and learned lots about these intelligent, powerful creatures.

This wonderful adventure story is set in Victorian Brighton and the aquarium there - the world's oldest - still exists with it's beautiful period arcade having been lovingly restored. 

I loved exploring the aquarium with Vinnie and meeting her new friends - Charlie and Temitayo - who team up to solve a mystery which opens their eyes to cruelty close to home.

This book is so gripping you will think you have been grabbed by a tentacle or eight!

On this week's You Tube video the Time Tunnellers and our guest authors share their recommended historical reads for World Book Day - to watch CLICK HERE!

 

 

 

World Book Day special - The beauty of traditional typesetting and printing by Jeannie Waudby

The book is finally ready to go to the printer’s, word-perfect and with a beautiful cover. This is where it finally becomes an object that many people can hold in their hands and read. Nowadays typesetting is computerised and printing is mechanised. We are all typesetters, converting our thoughts into letters on our phones and laptops, choosing the typeface we want to use. But let’s have a look at how it worked before computers.

For hundreds of years books or scrolls were written by hand, for example the 7^th century Lindisfarne Gospels and the 9^th century Book of Kells.

 

 

A scribe at work 

 

These books were very beautiful, but only a few people could read or own them so of course they were very expensive.

 

A way of printing from stamps began in China in the 5^th or 6^th century and mass printing from woodblocks in 907. In Europe, woodblock printing goes back into the 14^th century. Each page was carved  onto a woodblock and then printed. This happened in Europe too.

 

 

A woodblock  

 

This made it possible to print many copies very much more quickly, but the process of carving the woodblock was still very slow. 

 

A woodblock print

 

Printing was really revolutionised with the invention of moveable type. Again it was first invented in China in the 11^th century, with individual characters made out of clay, and in Europe in the 15^th century with letters of metal.  

 

 

 Type 

 

When I was young I worked as a typesetter in a printing works that had somehow managed to stay in the nineteenth century.  

 

The frame where the typsetter stands, with cases of type below. 

 

All our type was movable, and to set it we used a stick  

 

A compositor’s stick 

 

The letters sit on little metal shelves called leads to sandwich them together. When a block of text is ready it can be tied up and put in a galley. When the whole page is ready it is all assembled on the ‘stone’ using different sized pieces of wood and metal, called ‘furniture’. Eventually this is all screwed tightly together in a metal frame, the ‘chase’, and can then be lifted onto the press.  

 

 

The forme on the stone, ready to print

 

My experience has been very handy for the book I am writing, which takes place in a printing works in the 1800s. Here is my character’s name, set in capitals with a print from it.  

 

 

When books are printed, several pages are printed on one large sheet and then cut and folded. This is a tool for folding so that the edges are crisp – it’s called a bone.  

 

A bone 

 

The pages could be put together and sewn in bundles before being bound with a cover made of cardboard, leather or cloth. They would then be pressed in a bookbinding press like this one. 

 

 

A bookbinding press 

 

19^th century books were sometimes sold with the edges still folded so that the reader would have to cut the pages to open the book.

 

Modern printing is completely different from the old days of hand or foot operated presses.  

A  hand-operated printing press 

 But we can find traces of the old ways – in the words: upper case and lower case, typesetting, the spacebar on a computer which comes from the old spacers that were put between letters, and most of all, if you hold a new hardback book up to your nose you can still capture the delicious smell of ink.

The Time Tunnellers are five authors who write historical novels for
children and young adults -
Susan Brownrigg, Barbara Henderson, Catherine Randall,
Ally Sherrick and Jeannie Waudby.

Every Thursday we share a new blog article on a different topic
and a youtube video with a writing challenge for young people and teachers.

 

Magical animals in stories - by Jeannie Waudby

  It’s Lunar New Year, and this February the year of the Tiger begins. 

 

So I’m going to look at some of the ways in which animals can embody our best and most exciting human qualities.

I grew up in Hong Kong, where Chinese New Year was very exciting. We lived on a tiny island and we would visit everybody, dressed in our best clothes. The lion dance called at every house, with cymbals and drums and the dancers capturing the playfulness of the friendly lion. Here's one from my local Chinese supermarket.

Each house had a beautiful table with peach blossom, little orange trees and treats spread out. As children, adults gave us lucky money red packets and lots of sweets. Here are a few things that I remember from my childhood and can still find in London.

Lucky money packet in the middle, for adults to give to children or younger people

Every year, beginning in either January or February, has an animal. There are 12 altogether and each animal represents human characteristics. They all have very positive qualities, even the ones that sometimes get a negative press. Here they are in left-to-right, top-to-bottom order. As you can see, they are all real animals except for the dragon, which here is a benevolent and positive creature.

 

Rat, Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Goat, Monkey, Rooster, Dog, Pig

Stories, myths and legends have always featured animals that embody human qualities, for example Monkey and Pigsy in the Chinese 16^th century novel Journey to the West, attributed to Wu Cheng’en. It’s a much-loved story throughout the world. 

 

Tripitaka, Pigsy, Sandy and Sun Wukong, the Monkey king

And in ancient Greece, Aesop’s fables used animals to reveal truths about people. This one shows the town mouse and the country mouse. 

 

Aesop's Fables adapted by Louis Untermeyer illustrated by A and M Provensen

Of course animals have always featured large in fantasy novels, but they find their way into historical fiction too. Often an animal may be semi-magical or act as a messenger or guide. The Secret Garden by Frances Hodgson Burnett was published in 1911 and set at the turn of the 20^thcentury. She wrote two books about girls who had had to leave their home in India and while they have also lost family, part of the story is the loss of India and the coldness of England in comparison. The Secret Garden is a realistic story about two abandoned children, but there is a robin who leads Mary into a walled garden. 

 

Cover illustration for A Little Princess by George Smith, and for The Secret Garden by Angelo Rinaldi

In A Little Princess, the lonely and ill-treated Sarah is befriended by a neighbour from India who sends his pet monkey across the roof to make contact. In both these stories, the animals act as a reminder that in spite of loss there are new friends and homes to be found. And crucially, it’s the animals who bring people together.

The Crowfield novels by Pat Walsh are set in a monastery in 14^th century England. 

 

Covers by Steve Wells

The abbey and woods around it are also home to hobs, a magical but very believable furry animal with a long tail. Brother Walter, the hob, makes friends with William and although Will rescues him, his friendship and otherworldly knowledge gives Will the courage he needs.

The Little White Horse is set in Victorian England, when Maria moves to a beautiful but troubled valley.

Cover by Debra McFarlane

In this story, there are very real animals like Maria’s little dog, but also the elusive ‘horse’ of the title – who, with a shaggy dog, is vital in restoring balance to the valley.

In these stories, the animals embody particular qualities: hope in The Secret Garden, courage in The Crowfield Curse and reconciliation in The Little White Horse. Through their presence, the protagonist can grow into the best version of themselves and be able to make the changes they need. To some extent, their animal companion allows them to be fully human.

Writing challenge

Choose an animal. It can be a real one or a magical one or one of the 12 animals of Chinese New Year. It might be very large or tiny, able to swim or fly or run at lightning speed. Can this animal talk? What gifts could this animal bring to help someone in a tricky situation? Imagine your animal as a sidekick to the main character of a story – how would the animal rescue them, or cheer them up or make them laugh? What would bring the human character and their animal companion together in the first place?

One Of Us by Jeannie Waudby is a YA thriller/love story, published by Chicken House. It was shortlisted for the Bolton Children's Fiction Award and the Lancashire Book of the Year 2016 and has been adapted by Mike Kenny as a play in the Oxford Playscripts series.
One Of Us is published by Chicken House
The Oxford Playscripts play is published by Oxford University Press